linux nginx tomcat负载均衡，实现session同步

花了一个上午的时间研究nginx tomcat的负载均衡测试，集群环境搭建比较顺利，但是session同步的问题折腾了几个小时才搞定，现把我的过程贴上来，以备用。
软件及环境是：
虚拟机上装centos 5.5
ip为：192.168.0.51 装上nginx和tomcat 6.0.32 命名为 tomcat1
一台win7上装tomcat 6.0.32 ip为：192.168.0.50 命名为 tomcat2

首先装nginx，我是参照配了一个nginx php（fastcgi）环境，然后再加上tomcat的转发。
我的nginx.conf 修改如下

#######################################################################

# this is the main nginx configuration file.

# more information about the configuration options is available on

# * the english wiki - http://wiki.nginx.org/main

# * the russian documentation - http://sysoev.ru/nginx/

#######################################################################

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

# main module - directives that cover basic functionality

# http://wiki.nginx.org/nginxhttpmainmodule

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

user nginx;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;

#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

# events module

# http://wiki.nginx.org/nginxhttpeventsmodule

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

events {

worker_connections 10240;

}

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

# http core module

# http://wiki.nginx.org/nginxhttpcoremodule

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

http {

include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

upstream tserver {

server 192.168.0.51:8080 weight=1;

server 192.168.0.50:8080 weight=1;

}

# the default server

server {

listen 80;

server_name _;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

root /www/root;

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|do|htm)?$ {

proxy_set_header host $host;

proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;

proxy_pass http://tserver;#转向tomcat处理

}

location ~ (/dwr/)? {

proxy_set_header host $host;

proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;

proxy_pass http://tserver;#转向tomcat处理

}

location / {

root /www/root;

index index.html index.jsp default.jsp index.do default.do;

}

error_page 404 /404.html;

location = /404.html {

root /www/root;

}

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root /www/root;

}

# proxy the php scripts to apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

# pass the php scripts to fastcgi server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#location ~ \.php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param script_filename /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

# deny access to .htaccess files, if apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

}

# load config files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

下一步是配置tomcat集群。分别打开tomcat1和tomcat2下conf中server.xml
8005" shutdown="shutdown">

8080" maxhttpheadersize="8192"
maxthreads="150" minsparethreads="25" maxsparethreads="75"
enablelookups="false" redirectport="8443" acceptcount="100"
connectiontimeout="20000" disableuploadtimeout="true" />

8009" enablelookups="false" redirectport="8443" protocol="ajp/1.3" />

找到
tomcat1下的修改为
tomcat2下的修改为

tomcat1找到

修改为

<cluster classname="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.simpletcpcluster"

channelsendoptions="6">

<manager classname="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.deltamanager"

expiresessionsonshutdown="false"

notifylistenersonreplication="true"/>

<membership classname="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.mcastservice"

address="228.0.0.5"

bind="192.168.0.51"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

droptime="3000"/>

<receiver classname="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.nioreceiver"

address="192.168.0.51"

autobind="100"

port="4001"

selectortimeout="100"

maxthreads="6"/>

sender>

channel>

cluster>

tomcat2找到

修改为

<cluster classname="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.simpletcpcluster"

channelsendoptions="6">

<manager classname="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.deltamanager"

expiresessionsonshutdown="false"

notifylistenersonreplication="true"/>

<membership classname="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.mcastservice"

address="228.0.0.5"

bind="192.168.0.50"

port="45564"

frequency="500"

droptime="3000"/>

<receiver classname="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.nioreceiver"

address="192.168.0.50"

autobind="100"

port="4000"

selectortimeout="100"

maxthreads="6"/>

sender>

channel>

cluster>

还需要在程序的web.xml里面前面加入以下这句话

session同步到这里设置完毕

服务器的启动顺序如下:
tomcat1 --> |tomcat2 --> |nginx

先启动tocmat1,等tomcat1启动完全的时候再启动tomcat2，等两个tocmat全启动之后，再启动nginx

负载的时候可以用apache或nginx，如果什么都不用，两台一接防问了话，可能会出错极session不同步的问题，网上也很多人介意不要做seeeion同步，这样会降低机器的性能，有一个方法可以，就是nginx的ip_hash,这样至少可以保证客户端去防问同一台tocmat，除非那台tocmat挂了

posted on 2011-06-21 15:38 alpha 阅读(20337) 评论(5) 所属分类: java j2ee jsp 、linux nginx

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